• Para problemas con nuestras tarjetas gráficas, lee nuestros problemas conocidos con tarjetas gráficas
  • Para aprender qué puedes hacer con Tails lee nuestra documentación.
  • Para preguntas más generales acerca de qué es Tails, lee nuestras Preguntas Frecuentes.

Problemas al arrancar Tails

Esta sección lista problemas conocidos de seguridad con hardware específico. Para reportar un problema con otro hardware lee nuestras recomendaciones para reportar cuando Tails no arranca.

Memorias USB problemáticas

PNY

Al instalar Tails las memorias USB PNY tienen problemas con el peso de la escritura constante y son dados a fallar.

Aegis Secure Key 3.0

To start Tails, remove the live-media=removable boot option. See our instructions on modifying the boot options using the Boot Loader.

Kingston DataTraveler 2000, Kingston DataTraveler 100 G3

Arrancar Tails desde un Kingston DataTraveler 2000 o DataTraveler 100G3 puede que no funcione.

Mac

• Any Mac with 32-bit EFI might not start on Tails. You can check if a given Mac is 32-bit or 64-bit EFI on that list: https://www.everymac.com/mac-answers/snow-leopard-mac-os-x-faq/mac-os-x-snow-leopard-64-bit-macs-64-bit-efi-boot-in-64-bit-mode.html

• MacBook Air Retina 2018 y 2019

  To start Tails successfully, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

  modprobe.blacklist=thunderbolt
  

  Still, the trackpad and keyboard may not work. You may use an external mouse and keyboard.

• MacBook Pro (recent models): the keyboard, trackpad, and Touch Bar might not work. But, you can use an external keyboard and mouse.

  If the keyboard, trackpad, and Touch Bar do work on your recent MacBook Pro model, please let us know so that we can update this page accordingly.

• MacBook Pro 8,3 17" (AMD Radeon HD6770M e Intel HD Graphics 3000)

  If Tails fails to start, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

  radeon.modeset=0
  

• MacBook Pro 5,1 17" (Nvidia GeForce 9400M)

  To make the display work properly, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

  nouveau.noaccel=1
  

• MacBook Air 3,2 (A1369 EMC 2392) se congela al arrancar Tails en modo UEFI.

• Mac Pro Tower y MacBook Pro 4,1 (ambos de principios de 2008) no arrancan Tails.

PC

Error de "Soft lockup"

On some laptops, Tails starts with the following error:

soft lockup - CPU#N stuck for Ns

To start Tails successfully, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

acpi_rev_override=1 nouveau.modeset=0

Acer Travelmate 8573T-254G50M

Booting from DVD works fine, but does not start from USB sticks.

Este problema puede estar corregido en Tails 1.1 y versiones mas nuevas: por favor repórtanos los resultados de tus tests.

Acer Aspire 5315-ICL50

Does not start on USB sticks.

Acer Chromebook C720P

Does not start Tails 4.13.

AMD Ryzen with Vega graphics cards

See graphics.

ASUS VivoBook X202E

Debes habilitar Legacy support para arrancar Tails. Para habilitar legacy support, habilita 'Launch CSM' en el menú boot.

Este problema puede estar corregido en Tails 1.1 y versiones mas nuevas: por favor repórtanos los resultados de tus tests.

Dell Chromebook LULU

To start Tails successfully, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

nomodeset

Dell Latitude E5250

Does not start on Tails USB sticks.

Dell Latitude E6430 and E6230

Does not start on USB sticks.

Con versiones de BIOS A03 06/03/2012 (y A09, A11, y A12)

Mensaje de error: Invalid partition table!

Solución (al menos con las versiones de BIOS A09, A11, y A12): presiona Enter y continuará con el boot.

Dell XPS L702X/03RG89, Samsung RV520, Samsung Series 7 Chronos

Does not start on USB sticks.

We were reported that the legacy BIOS shipped on these systems doesn't know how to deal with the GPT partition scheme used in Tails.

Este problema puede estar corregido en Tails 1.1 y versiones mas nuevas: por favor repórtanos los resultados de tus tests.

https://www.dell.com/community/Laptops-General-Read-Only/GPT-Bootable-Bios-Optimus-Switch-Are-Necessary-For-L502x-L702x/m-p/3699920

HP Compaq dc5750 Microtower

Does not start Tails 1.2.3.

HP Compaq 615

You need to update the firmware to its latest version in order to start from a USB stick.

HP Compaq CQ60-214DX

Tails 3.3 no arranca.

HP Notebook BCM943142HM

Does not start Tails 4.13.

HP Pavilion 15-ab277ca

Tails 3.3 se reinicia al arrancar y nunca termina de arrancar bien.

HP ProBook

Con UEFI habilitado, cuando eligas un dispositivo de boot, selecciona Boot From EFI File y luego Filesystem Tails y EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI.

Esa solución aplica a, al menos, a la siguiente HP ProBook:

• 5330m
• 4330s
• 6560b

Lenovo IdeaPad Y410p

No arranca Tails 1.1 desde una memoria USB instalada manualmente en Linux.

Lenovo IdeaPad z585

Goes back continuously to Boot Loader on Tails installed on DVD.

Microsoft Surface Laptop 3

The keyboard and mouse do not work on this laptop. If you find a workaround, please let us know.

Clevo W258CU, ThinkPad X121e, T420i, T410, T520, W520, W540, T530, T60, E325, and E530

These machines do not start on USB sticks due to a firmware limitation.

Este problema puede estar corregido en Tails 1.1 y versiones mas nuevas: por favor repórtanos los resultados de tus tests.

System76 Oryx Pro

This machine does not start from a Tails USB stick: the Linux kernel included in at least Tails 3.11 to 3.13.1, inclusive, does not support the hardware USB controller.

Wi-Fi issues

Si tu interfaz Wi-Fi tampoco está funcionando:

• No hay opción Wi-Fi en el menú del sistema:

  

• La interfaz está deshabilitada cuando Tails se inicia o se conecta un adaptador Wi-Fi USB:

  

  En este caso, puedes deshabilitar MAC spoofing para hacer que tu interfaz Wi-Fi funcione en Tails. Deshabilitar MAC spoofing tiene implicaciones de seguridad, así que lee cuidadosamente nuestra documentation about MAC spoofing antes de hacerlo.

Para conectarte a Internet, puedes probar a:

• Usa un cable Ethernet en vez de Wi-Fi si es posible. Los adaptadores por cable funcionan mejor en Tails.

• Share the Wi-Fi or mobile data connection of your phone using a USB cable. Sharing a connection this way is called USB tethering.

  

  See instructions for:

  • Android

  • iPhones or iPads
    Only sharing mobile data works on iPhones and iPads; sharing Wi-Fi does not work.

  Tails cannot hide the information that identifies your phone on the network. If you connect your phone to:

  • A Wi-Fi network, then the network will know the MAC address of your phone. This has security implications that are discussed in our documentation on MAC address spoofing. Some phones have a feature to hide the real MAC address of the phone.

  • A mobile data network, then the network will be able to know the identifier of your SIM card (IMSI) and also the serial number of your phone (IMEI).

• Buy a USB Wi-Fi adapter that works in Tails:

  Vendor	Model	Size	Speed	Price	Buy offline	Buy online
  Panda Wireless	Ultra	Nano	150 Mbit/s	$12	No	Amazon
  Panda Wireless	PAU05	Small	300 Mbit/s	$14	No	Amazon

  If you find another USB Wi-Fi adapter that works in Tails, please let us know. You can write to sajolida@pimienta.org (private email).

• Check in the following sections if there is a workaround to get your Wi-Fi interface work in Tails.

Knowing the model of your Wi-Fi interface

1. Open Terminal and execute the following command:

   lspci -v | grep "Network controller"
   

88W8897 [AVASTAR] 802.11ac Wireless

On some computers with a Marvell Avastar 88W8897 Wi-Fi adapter, such as some Microsoft Surface Pro models, Tails fails to connect to Wi-Fi networks.

If you experience this problem, you can try to disable MAC address spoofing that sometimes fixes it.

RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter

On some computers with a RTL8723be Wi-Fi adapter, Tails might fail to discover Wi-Fi networks, provide unreliable Wi-Fi connections, or have poor Wi-Fi performance.

You can try to add the following boot options when starting Tails until you find a combination that works for you. The exact combination of options that works depends on the computer:

• rtl8723be.fwlps=0 rtl8723be.ips=0

• rtl8723be.ant_sel=1

• rtl8723be.ant_sel=2

• rtl8723be.ant_sel=1 rtl8723be.fwlps=0 rtl8723be.ips=0

• rtl8723be.ant_sel=2 rtl8723be.fwlps=0 rtl8723be.ips=0

Broadcom Wi-Fi network interface needing broadcom-sta-dkms

Some Broadcom Wi-Fi interfaces require the wl driver, provided by the broadcom-sta-dkms Debian package, to work in Tails.

The wl driver is not included in Tails because it is proprietary.

Your device requires the wl driver if it is in the list of devices supported by the broadcom-sta-dkms package on the corresponding Debian wiki page. If you find your device in the list of supported devices, then it is impossible to use your Wi-Fi card in Tails.

Lenovo Legion Y530

Wi-Fi adapter does not work.

To fix this issue, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

modprobe.blacklist=ideapad_laptop

RTL8821CE

The Realtek RTL8821CE Wi-Fi adapter is not supported in Linux yet.

This problem is tracked by Debian bug #917941.

Security issues

Tails does not erase video memory

Tails doesn't erase the video memory yet. When one uses Tails, then restarts the computer into another operating system, that other operating system might, for a moment, display the last screen that was displayed in Tails.

Apagar el ordenador totalmente, en lugar de reiniciarlo, puede ayudar a que la memoria de video se vacíe.

Ver Erase video memory on shutdown.

Other issues

Importing OpenPGP public keys using the Passwords and Keys utility does nothing

Importing OpenPGP public keys using the Passwords and Keys utility is broken since Tails 4.0 (October 2019). (#17183)

Do so from the Files browser instead:

1. Choose Applications ▸ Files to open the Files browser.

2. Double-click on the OpenPGP public key that you downloaded. The key must be in the armored format, usually with a .asc extension.

3. Choose Open With Import Key.

4. The imported OpenPGP public key does not appear in the Passwords and Keys utility. But, the key should appear in the list of keys available for encryption when encrypting text with a public key using OpenPGP Applet.

Boot Loader has display issues

Since Tails 1.1, on some hardware (ThinkPad X230, MacBook Pro 8,1), the Boot Loader is not displayed properly. Tails starts fine, though.

Touchpad configurations

Acer TravelMate B113 - ETPS/2 Elantech Touchpad

synclient FingerPress=256;
synclient TapButton3=0;
synclient Clickpad=1;
synclient VertTwoFingerScroll=1;
synclient FingerLow=1;
synclient FingerHigh=1;

Acer C720 - Cypress APA Touchpad

synclient FingerLow=5;
synclient FingerHigh=5;

Lenovo IdeaPad 3 Touchpad

This touchpad does not work by default. To fix this problem, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

pci=nocrs

Bluetooth devices don't work

Bluetooth is not enabled in Tails for security reasons.

Tails fails to start or behaves weirdly after an automatic upgrade

Sometimes, after an automatic upgrade, your Tails might either:

• Fail to start. Often after the message:

  Loading, please wait...

• Behave weirdly. For example, your keyboard does not work or you cannot connect to a network.

To fix this problem, you can update your Tails manually.

Note that your Persistent Storage will be safely preserved.

Persistent folder disappears and data of the Persistent Storage is unavailable

Sometimes, the Persistent folder is missing and all the data of the Persistent Storage is unavailable.

Most likely this means that the persistence.conf file has disappeared. However, the files in the Persistent folder and all the other data in the Persistent Storage should still exist.

If you encounter this problem, you can either:

• Turn on again the feature of the Persistent Storage that you need:

  1. Unlock the Persistent Storage in the Welcome Screen when starting Tails.

  2. Choose Applications ▸ Tails ▸ Configure persistent volume.

  3. If you are asked to enter a passphrase, enter the same passphrase that you use to unlock your Persistent Storage.

  4. Turn on the features of the Persistent Storage that you had turned on previously.

  5. Click Save, then restart Tails.

  Your Persistent folder and all the data of the Persistent Storage should be restored.

• Restore the persistence.conf file from its backup:

  1. Unlock the Persistent Storage and set up an administration password when starting Tails.

  2. Execute the following command in a Terminal:

     sudo cp -a /live/persistence/TailsData_unlocked/persistence.conf{.bak,}
     

If neither of the above instructions fixes the problem, you might need to fix the ownership of TailsData_unlocked.

To fix the ownership of TailsData_unlocked, set an administration password and execute the following command in a terminal:

sudo chown root:root /live/persistence/TailsData_unlocked

Some languages do not have the correct keyboard layout set by default

When selecting some languages in the Welcome Screen, the default associated keyboard layout fallbacks to US.

To use the right keyboard layout during a session, set it in the Welcome Screen after having set the language. When the desktop has started, apply the keyboard layout by clicking on the en systray icon.

Affected language codes are AYC, BHB, BRX, CMN, HAK, HNE, LIJ, LZH, MHR, NAN, NHN, QUZ, SGS, SHS, TCY, THE, UNM, WAE and YUE.

The OpenPGP passphrase prompt steals the keyboard and mouse focus

This happens when the GnuPG feature of the Persistent Storage was turned on before Tails 2.3. To fix this problem, execute the following command in a terminal:

echo "no-grab" >> ~/.gnupg/gpg-agent.conf

Problems when the system clock goes backwards

When connecting to Tor, Tails sets the system time to the current time in the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) timezone. Many operating systems, such as Linux and macOS, write time expressed in UTC to the hardware clock of the computer. But, Windows instead writes time expressed in the local timezone to the hardware clock of the computer. So, if you are east of the United Kingdom (which is in the UTC timezone) on a computer that also runs Windows, Tails will make the system clock go backwards during startup. Unfortunately, this might trigger software errors in Tails.

For example, when the system clock goes backwards:

• The Applications menu might stop working.
• Connecting to Tor using `obfs4` bridges might be impossible and Tor Launcher might get stuck on Loading Network Consensus.

To solve this problem permanently on a Windows computer, set the hardware clock of the computer to UTC.

Lenovo ThinkPad 11e

Tails may be unstable and stop working regularly on some Lenovo ThinkPad 11e laptops, such as the 2015 model.

To fix this problem, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

intel_idle.max_cstate=1

USB devices are not working on some GIGABYTE motherboards

To workaround this issue, you can try to:

• Use other USB ports. For example, use USB 2 ports instead of USB 3 ports and vice versa.

• Enable these 3 options in the BIOS

  • xHCI handoff
  • EHCI handoff
  • IOMMU controller

• Add the following boot option when starting Tails:

  amd_iommu=on iommu=pt
  

• Disable IOMMU in the BIOS then enable it again.

Some of these workarounds may disable some of the USB ports.

Graphics corruption in Tor Browser and Thunderbird

On some computers, Tor Browser and Thunderbird are displayed incorrectly:

• The application window is initially empty and white.
• The icons and menus only appear when hovered by the mouse.
• The contents of the window is only displayed in stripes when scrolling.

To workaround this issue, add the following boot option when starting Tails:

intel_iommu=off

This problem affects at least the following computers:

• MacBookPro11,5
• other MacBooks with a Radeon R9 graphics adapter

Acer Swift 3

In order to allow Tails to use all available memory, start Tails from the F2 EFI setup firmware entry.